This Knowledge Hub brings together useful documents and resources from across the global community who are working to protect and restore kelp forests. Here we provide some of our favorites in the hopes that they will help you in your work.

We have also created a Kelp Restoration Guidebook which chronicles the lessons we've learned from kelp restoration projects undertaken around the world.

Scientific Paper

A High-Resolution Global Map of Giant Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) Forests and Intertidal Green Algae (Ulvophyceae) with Sentinel-2 ImageryA. Mora-Soto, M. Palacios, E. C. Macaya, I. Gómez, P. Huovinen, A. Pérez-Matus
20/02/2020, Remote Sens, 4, Vol. 12, 2020, p.694.
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12040694

Scientific Paper

A Metapopulation Perspective on the Patch Dynamics of Giant Kelp in Southern California D. C. Reed, B. P. Kinlan, P. T. Raimondi, L. Washburn, B. Gaylord, P. T. Drake
Marine Metapopulations, 2006, p.353.
https://doi.oirg/10.1016/B978-012088781-1/50013-3

Scientific Paper

A decision framework for evidence-based climate adaptation interventions M. A. Coleman, J. G. Bragg
31/10/2020, Global Change Biology, 3, Vol. 27, 2020, p.472.
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15429

Scientific Paper

A field test of porous carbonated blocks used as artificial reef in seaweed beds of Ecklonia cavaK. Oyamada, M. Tsukidate, K. Watanabe, T. Takahashi, T. Isoo, T. Terawaki
Developments in Applied Phycology, Vol. 2, 2008.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9619-8_50

Scientific Paper

A field test of porous carbonated blocks used as artificial reef in seaweed beds of Ecklonia cava. SpringerK. Oyamada, M. Tsukidate, Takahashi Watanabe, Isoo T., T. Terawaki
Nineteenth International Seaweed Symposium.
https://doi.org/10.1007/sl0811-008-9332-6

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

A new approach to the restoration of seaweed beds using Sargassum fulvellumS.M. Jung, J.H. Lee, S.H. Han, W.B. Jeon, G.Y. Kim, J. Lee
Journal of Applied Phycology.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-020-02054-y

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

A review of kelp bed management in southern CaliforniaK. Wilson
01/03/1983, Journal of the World Mariculture Society, 1-4, Vol. 14, 1983, p.345.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1983.tb00089.x

Scientific Paper

A review of protocols for the experimental release of kelp (Laminariales) zoosporesN. A. Alsuwaiyan, M. B. Mohring, M. Cambridge, M. A. Coleman, G. A. Kendrick, T. Wernberg
20/06/2019, Ecology and Evolution, 14, Vol. 9, 2019, p.8387.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5389

Scientific Paper

A successful method of transplanting adult Ecklonia radiata kelp, and relevance to other habitat-forming macroalgae C. Layton, M. J. Cameron, V. Shelamoff, M. Tatsumi, J. T. Wright, C. R. Johnson
15/04/2021, Restoration Ecology, 5, Vol. 29, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13412

Scientific Paper

Absence of a large brown macroalga on urbanized rocky reefs around Sydney, Australia, and evidence for historical declineM. A. Coleman, B. P. Kelaher, P. D. Steinberg, A. J. K. Millar
30/07/2008, Journal of Phycology, 4, Vol. 44, 2008, p.897.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2008.00541.x

Scientific Paper

Addressing reproductive stochasticity and grazing impacts in the restoration of a canopy-forming brown alga by implementing mitigation solutionsG. Savonitto, G. DeLaFuente, E, Tordoni, S. Ciriaco, M. Srijemsi, G. Bacaro, M. Chiantore, A. Falace
Marine Freshwater Ecosystem, Vol. 31, 2021, p.1611.
http://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3555

Scientific Paper

Advances in restoration ecology: rising to the challenges of the coming decadesM. P. Perring, R. J. Standish, J. N. Price, M. D. Craig, T. E. Erickson, K. X. Ruthrof
07/08/2015, Ecosphere, 8, Vol. 6, 2015, p.1.
https://doi.org/10.1890/ES15-00121.1

Scientific Paper

An Automated Method for Mapping Giant Kelp Canopy Dynamics from UAV K. C. Cavanaugh, T. W. Bell, E. G. Hockridge
17/02/2021, Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.587354

Scientific Paper

Biosecurity policy and legislation for the global seaweed aquaculture industryI. Campbell, C. S. B. Kambey, J. P. Mateo, S. B. Rusekwa, A. Q. Hurtado, F. E. Msuya
Journal of Applied Phycology, 32, 2020, p.2133.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-019-02010-5

Scientific Paper

Bright Spots in Coastal Marine Ecosystem RestorationM. I. Saunders, C. Doropoulos, R. C. Babcock, E. Bayraktarov, R. H. Bustamante, A. M. Eger
21/12/2020, Current Biology, 24, Vol. 30, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.056

Scientific Paper

Bull Kelp Restoration in the Mendocino Region of Northern CaliforniaJ. Ray, T. A. McHugh, M. W. Esgro, K.Elsmore, J. Freiwald
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Scientific Paper

Carbon assimilation and transfer through kelp forests in the NE Atlantic is diminished under a warmer ocean climateA. Pessarrodona, P. J. Moore, M. D. J. Sayer, D. A. Smale
03/06/2018, Global Change Biology, 9, Vol. 24, 2018, p.4386.
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14303

Scientific Paper

Chiixuu Tll iinasdll, Nurturing Seafood to Grow, and Kelp Forest Restoration in Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve, National Marine Conservation Area Reserve, and Haida Heritage SiteL. C. Lee, G. D. McNeill, P. Ridings, M. Featherstone, D. K. Okamoto, N. B. Spindel, A. W. E. Galloway, G.W. Saunders, E. M. Adamczyk, L. Reshitnyk, O. Pontier, M. Post, R. Irvine, Gulxa taa’a gaagii ng.aang N. Wilson, SG. K. V. Bellis
2022.
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Scientific Paper

Climate change adaptation efforts for species may be antagonistic to natural evolutionary responsesJ. D. Gaitán-Espitia, A. Hobday
Global Change Biology, 3, Vol. 27, 2020, p.475.
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15359

Scientific Paper

Climate change cascades: Shifts in oceanography, species' ranges and subtidal marine community dynamics in eastern TasmaniaC. R. Johnson, S. C. Banks, N. S. Barrett, R. Cazassus, P. K. Dunstan, G. J. Edgar
30/04/2011, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 1-2, Vol. 400, 2011, p.17.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2011.02.032

Scientific Paper

Climate refugia for kelp within an ocean warming hotspot revealed by stacked species distribution modellingT. R. Davis, C. Champion, M. A. Coleman
01/04/2021, Marine Environmental Research, Vol. 166, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105267

Scientific Paper

Climate-driven regime shift of a temperate marine ecosystem T. Wernberg, S. Bennett, R. C. Babcock, T. De Bettignies, K. Cure, M. Depczynski
08/07/2016, Science, 6295, Vol. 353, 2016, p.169.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad8745

Scientific Paper

Comparison of Seaweed Transplantation Method to Reduce Grazing Pressure by Sea UrchinC.-W. Kwak, E.-Y. Chung, T.-Y. Kim, S.-H. Son, K.-Y. Park, Y. S., H.G. Choi
Korean Journal of Nature Conservation, Vol. 8.
https://doi.org/10.11624/kjnc.2014.8.1.032

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

Conspicuous decline of Fucus in Kiel Bay (Western Baltic): what are the causes?H. Vogt, W. Schramm
10/01/1991, Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol. 69, 1991, p.189.
https://doi.org/10.3354/MEPS069189

Scientific Paper

Cultivar Development of Kelps for Commercial Cultivation—Past Lessons and Future ProspectsF. Goecke, G. Klemetsdal, Å. Ergon
25/02/2020, Frontiers in Marine Science, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00110

Scientific Paper

Current status and problems of isoyake in JapanD. Fujita
Bulletin of Fisheries Research Agency, Vol. 32, 2010, p.33.
https://www.fra.affrc.go.jp/bulletin/bull/bull32/33-42.pdf

Scientific Paper

Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effectsR. C. Babcock, N. T. Shears, A. C. Alcala, N. S. Barrett, G. J. Edgar, K. D. Lafferty
22/02/2010, 43, Vol. 107, 2010, p.18256.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0908012107

Scientific Paper

Density-dependent feedbacks, hysteresis, and demography of overgrazing sea urchinsS. D. Ling, N. Kriegisch, B. Woolley, S. E. Reeves
01/02/2019, Ecology, 2, Vol. 100, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2577

Scientific Paper

Depletion of coastal predatory fish sub-stocks coin- cided with the largest sea urchin grazing event observed in the NE AtlanticK. M. Norderhaug, K. Nedreaas, M. Huserbråten, E. Moland
27/07/2020, Ambio, Vol. 50, 2020, p.163.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01362-4

Scientific Paper

Distribution models predict large contractions of habitat-forming seaweeds in response to ocean warming B. Martínez, B. Radford, M. S. Thomsen, S. D. Connell, R. Carreño, C. J. A. Bradshaw
01/10/2018, Diversity and Distributions, 10, Vol. 24, 2018, p.1350.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12767

Scientific Paper

Do Modified Habitats Have Direct or Indirect Effects on Epifauna? E. M. Marzinelli, C. J. Zagal, M. G. Chapman, A. J. Underwood
01/10/2009, Ecology, 10, Vol. 90, 2009, p.2948.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/25592829

Scientific Paper

Does restoration of a habitat-forming seaweed restore associated faunal diversity?A. Vergés, E. M. Marzinelli, M. R. Leong, A. H. Campbell, P. D. Steinberg
26/10/2015, Restoration Ecology, Vol. 24, 2015, p.81.
https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12292

Scientific Paper

Drift-kelp suppresses foraging movement of overgrazing sea urchinsN. Kriegisch, S.E. Reevesm E. B. Flukes, C. R. Johnson, S. D. Ling
27/06/2019, Oecologia, 3, Vol. 190, 2019, p.665.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-019-04445-6

Scientific Paper

Ecology of seaweed beds on two types of artificial reefC.G. Choi, Y. Takeuchi, T. Terawaki, Y. Serisawa, Masao M., C.H. Sohn
Journal of Applied Phycology, Vol. 14.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022126007684

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

Ecology of under story kelp environments. I. Effects of kelps on flow and particle transport near the bottom J. E. Eckman, D. O. Duggins, A. T. Sewell
22/08/1989, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2, Vol. 129, 1989, p.173.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(89)90055-5

Scientific Paper

Economic valuation of kelp forests in northern Chile: values of goods and services of the ecosystem J. A. Vasquez, S. Zuniga, F. Tala, N. Piaget, D. C. Rodriguez, J. M. Alonso Vega
10/10/2013, Journal of Applied Pycology, Vol. 26, 2014, p.1081.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-013-0173-6

Scientific Paper

Ecosystem Flips, Locks, and Feedbacks: the Lasting Effects of Fisheries on Maine's Kelp Forest EcosystemR.S. Steneck, A. Leland, D.C. McNaught, J. Vavrinec
01/01/2013, Bulletin of Marine Science, 1, Vol. 89, 2013, p.31.
https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2011.1148

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

Ecosystem Flips, Locks, and Feedbacks: the Lasting Effects of Fisheries on Maine's Kelp Forest Ecosystem R. S. Steneck, A. Leland, D. C. McNaught, J. Vavrinec
01/01/2013, Bulletin od Marine Science - Miami, 1, Vol. 89, 2013, p.31.
https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2011.1148

Scientific Paper

Ecosystem effects of fishing in kelp forest communities M. J. Tegner, P. K. Dayton
01/06/2000, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 3, Vol. 57, 2000, p.579.
https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.2000.0715

Scientific Paper

Effect of sea urchin human harvest in promoting canopy forming algae restorationL. Piazzi, G. Ceccherelli
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Vol. 219.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2019.02.028

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

Effectiveness of Iron Fertilization for Seaweed Bed Restoration in Coastal AreasM. Yamamoto, T. Kato, S. Kanayama, K. Nakase, N. Tsutsumi
Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol. 15.
https://doi.org/10.2965/jwet.16-080

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

Effects of ocean climate on spatiotemporal variation in sea urchin settlement and recruitment D. K. Okamoto, S. C. Schroeter, D. C. Reed
08/04/2020, Limnology and Oceanography, 9, Vol. 65, 2020, p.2076.
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11440

Scientific Paper

Embrace kelp forests in the coming decade C. J. Feehan, K. Filbee-Dexter, T. Wernberg
20/08/2021, Science, Vol. 373, 2021, p.863.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abl3984

Scientific Paper

Enhancement of Saccharina kelp production by nutrient supply in the Sea of Japan off southwestern Hokkaido, JapanY. Agatsuma, H. Endo, S. Yoshida, C. Ikemori, Fujishima Takeuchi, K. Taniguchi
Journal of Applied Phycology, Vol. 26.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-013-0196-z

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

Establishment of intertidal seaweed beds of Sargassum thunbergii through habitat creation and germling seedingY.Q. Yu, Q.S. Zhang, Y.Z. Tang, S. B., Z.C. Lu, S.H. Chu, X.X. Tang
Ecological Engineering, Vol. 44.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.03.016

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

Estimating the size and impact of the ecological restoration economyT. BenDor, T. W. Lester, A. Livengood, A. Davis, L. Yonavjak
17/06/2015, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128339

Scientific Paper

Ethics of Assisted Evolution in Marine Conservation K. Filbee-Dexter, A. Smajdor
30/01/2019, Frontiers in Marine Science, 20, Vol. 6, 2019, p.46.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00020

Scientific Paper

European Guidelines on Biosecurity in Native Oyster RestorationP. zu Ermgassen, C. Gamble, A. Debney, B. Colsoul, M. Fabra, W. G. Sanderson
01/11/2020, European Guidelines on Biosecurity in Native Oyster Restoration, 2020.
https://nativeoysternetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2020/11/ZSL00161%20Biosecurity%20Handbook%20ONLINE.pdf

Scientific Paper

Evaluation of repopulation techniques for the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera (Laminariales)X. Vasquez, A. Gutierrez, A.H. Buschmann, R. Flores, D. Farias, P. Leal
Botanica Marina, Vol. 57.
https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2014-0005

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

Experimental transplants of the large kelp Lessonia nigrescens (Phaeophyceae) in high-energy wave exposed rocky intertidal habitats of northern Chile: Experimental, restoration and management applicationsJ. A. Correa, N. A. Lagos, M. H. Medina, J. C. Castilla, M. Cerda, M. Ramírez
25/07/2006, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 1, Vol. 335, 2006, p.13.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.02.010

Scientific Paper

Extreme Marine Heatwaves Alter Kelp Forest Community Near Its Equatorward Distribution LimitN. Arafeh-Dalmau, G. Montano-Moctezuma, J. A. Martinez, R. Beas-Luna, D. S. Schoeman, G. Torres-Moye
23/08/2019, Marine Ecosystem Ecology, Vol. 6, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00499

Scientific Paper

Fifty Years of Sustained Production from the Australian Abalone FisheriesS. Mayfield, C. Mundy, H. Gorfine, A. M. Hart, D. Worthington
16/10/2012, Reviews in Fisheries Science, 4, Vol. 20, 2012, p.220.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.725434

Scientific Paper

Financial and institutional support are important for large-scale kelp forest restoration.A. M. Eger, A. Vergés, C. G. Choi, H. C. Christie, M. A. Coleman, C. W. Fagerli
Frontiers in Marine Science, 7.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.535277.

Scientific Paper

First ex situ outplanting of the habitat-forming seaweed Cystoseira amentacea var. stricta from a restoration perspectiveG. De La Fuente, M. Chiantore, V. Asnaghi, S. Kaleb, A. Falace
22/07/2019, Aquatic Biology, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7290

Scientific Paper

First restoration experiment for Gongolaria barbata in Slovenian coastal waters. What can go wrong?M. Orlando-Bonaca, V. Pitacco, P. Slavinec, M. Šiško, T. Makovec, A. Falace
26/01/2021, Plants, 2, Vol. 10, 2021, p.239.
https://Doi.org/10.3390/plants10020239

Scientific Paper

Floating Forests: Quantitative Validation of Citizen Science Data Generated From Consensus ClassificationsR. S. Rosenthal, J.E.K. Byrnes, K.C. Cavanaugh, T. W. Bell, B. Harder, A.J. Haupt
25/01/2018, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1801.08522

Scientific Paper

Genetic diversity and kelp forest vulnerability to climatic stress T. Wernberg, M. A. Coleman, S. Bennett, M. S. Thomsen, F. Tuya, B. P. Kelaher
30/01/2018, Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, 2018, p.1.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20009-9

Scientific Paper

Genetic improvement of macroalgae: Status to date and needs for the future N. Robinson, P. Winberg, L. Kirkendale
01/06/2012, Journal of Applied Phycology, 3, Vol. 25, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-012-9950-x

Scientific Paper

Genomic vulnerability of a dominant seaweed points to future-proofing pathways for Australia's underwater forests M. A. Coleman, G.Wood, E. M. Marzinelli, A. H. Campbell, P.D. Steinberg, A, Vergés
28/01/2021, Global Change Biology, 10, Vol. 27, 2021, p.2200.
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15534

Scientific Paper

Genotype–Environment mismatch of kelp forests under climate change S. Vranken, T. Wernberg, A. Scheben, A. A. Severn-Ellis, J. Batley, P. Emanuel Bayer
21/05/2021, Molecular Ecology, 15, Vol. 30, 2021, p.3730.
https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15993

Scientific Paper

Germplasm banking of the giant kelp: Our biological insurance in a changing environmentS. Barrento, C. Camus, I. Sousa-Pinto, A. H. Buschmann
01/01/2016, Algal Research, Vol. 13, 2016, p.134.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2015.11.024

Scientific Paper

Giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, increases faunal diversity through physical engineeringR. J. Miller, K. D. Lafferty, T. Lamy, L. Kui, A. Rassweiler, D. C. Reed
14/03/2018, Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Vol. 285, 2018, p.2017.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2571

Scientific Paper

Global Kelp Forest Restoration: Past lessons, status, and future goals A. Vergés, A. M. Eger, E. Marzinelli, H. Christie, D. Fujita, S. Hong, J. H. Kim
18/05/2021, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.32942/osf.io/emaz2

Scientific Paper

Global patterns of kelp forest change over the past half-century K. A. Krumhansl, D. K. Okamoto, A. Rassweiler, M. Novak, J. J. Bolton, K. C. Cavanaugh
14/11/2016, Vol. 113, 2016, p.13785.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606102113

Scientific Paper

Global regime shift dynamics of catastrophic sea urchin overgrazing S. D. Ling, R. E. Scheibling, A. Rassweiler, C. R. Johnson, N. Shears, S. D. Connell, L. E. Johnson
05/01/2015, Philisophical Transaction of the Royal Society B, Vol. 370, 2015, p.20130629.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0269

Scientific Paper

Green gravel: a novel restoration tool to combat kelp forest decline S. Fredriksen, K. Filbee-Dexter, K. M. Norderhaug, H. Steen, T. Bodvin, M. A. Coleman
04/03/2020, Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, 2020, p.1.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60553-x

Scientific Paper

Green gravel: a novel restoration tool to combat kelp forests declineM. A. Coleman, S. Fredriksen, K. Filbee-Dexter, K.M. Norderhaug, H. Steen, T. Bodvin, F. Moy, T. Wernberg
Scientific Reports.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60553-x

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

Guidelines for marine artificial reef materialsR. R. Lukens, C. Selberg
01/01/2004, Guidelines for marine artificial reef materials, 2, 2004.
https://www.gsmfc.org/pubs/SFRP/Guidelines_for_Marine_Artificial_Reef_Materials_January_2004.pdf

Scientific Paper

Gwaii Haanas Gina 'Waadluxan KilGuhlGa Land-Sea-People Management Plan 2018Haida Nation, Gwaii Haanas Archipelago Management Board
2018.
apply for a D.O.I

Scientific Paper

Habitat fragmentation causes collapse of kelp recruitment C. Layton, MJ Cameron, M. Tatsumi, V. Shelamoff, J. Wright, C. Johnson
Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol. 648, 2020, p.111.
https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13422

Scientific Paper

Harnessing synthetic biology for kelp forest conservation1M. A. Coleman, H. D. Goold
01/06/0209, Journal of Phycology, 4, Vol. 55, 2019, p.745.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12888

Scientific Paper

Homogenization and miniaturization of habitat structure in temperate marine forestsA. Pessarrodona, K. Filbee-Dexter, T. Alcoverro, J. Boada, C. J. Feehan, S. Fredriksen, S. P. Grace, Y. Nakamura, C. A. Narvaez, K. M. Norderhaug
25/07/2021, Global Change Biology, 20, Vol. 27, 2021, p.5262.
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15759

Scientific Paper

How Traditional Tribal Perspectives Influence Ecosystem RestorationJ. W. Long, F. K. Lake, R. W. Goode, B. M. Burnette
04/06/2020, Ecopsychology, 2, Vol. 12, 2020, p.71.
https://doi.org/10.1089/eco.2019.0055

Scientific Paper

Identification of cryptic species in the Lessonia nigrescens complex (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales)A. V. González, J. Beltrán, L. Hiriart-Bertrand, V. Flores, B. de Reviers, J. A. Correa, B. Santelices
11/06/2012, Journal of Phycology, 5, Vol. 48, 2012, p.1153.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2012.01200.x

Scientific Paper

Impacts of ocean warming on kelp forest ecosystemsD. Smale
10/08/2019, New Phytologist, 4, Vol. 225, 2019, p.1447.
https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16107

Scientific Paper

Incorporating positive interactions in aquatic restoration and conservationB. S. Halpern, B. R. Silliman, J. D. Olden, J. P. Bruno, M. D. Bertness
01/04/2007, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 3, Vol. 5, 2007, p.153.
https://doi.org/10.1890/15409295(2007)5[153:IPIIAR]2.0.CO;2

Scientific Paper

Installing kelp forests/seaweed beds for mitigation and adaptation against global warming: Korean Project OverviewI.K. Chung, J.H. Oak, J.A. Lee, Kim Shin, J. G., K.S. Park
ICES Journal of Marine Science, Vol. 70.
https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss206

Related Project:

Scientific Paper

International principles and standards for the practice of ecological restoration. Second editionG. D. Gann, B. Walder, J. Aronson, C. R. Nelson, J. Jonson
04/09/2019, Restoration Ecology, S1, Vol. 27, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13035

Scientific Paper

Is bull-kelp kelp? The role of common names in scienceC. Fraser
16/05/2012, New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2, Vol. 46, 2012, p.279.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2011.621130

Scientific Paper

Kelp Forest Ecosystems: Biodiversity, Stability, Resilience and FutureR. S. Steneck, M. H. Graham, B. J. Bourque, D. Corbett, J. M. Erlandson, J. A. Estes, M. J. Tegner
01/12/2002, Environmental Conservation, 4, Vol. 29, 2002, p.436.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892902000322

Scientific Paper

Kelp Forest Restoration in AustraliaC. Layton, M. A. Coleman, E. M. Marzinelli, P. D. Steinberg, S. E. Swearer, A. Vergés
14/02/2020, Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol. 7, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00074

Scientific Paper

Kelp Gametophytes in Changing Oceans R. Veenhof, C. Champion, S. Dworjanyn, T. Wernberg, A. Minne, C. Layton
01/11/2021, Kelp Gametophytes in Changing Oceans , 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003288602-7

Scientific Paper

Kelp forest habitat restoration has the potential to increase sea urchin gonad biomassJ. Claisse, J. Williams, T. Ford, D. Pondella, B. Meux, L. Protopapadakis
18/03/2013, Ecosphere, 3, Vol. 4, 2013, p.1.
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